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SET
(data input)
/BLANKS={SYSMIS,’.’,number}
/DECIMAL={DOT,COMMA}
/FORMAT=fmt_spec
/EPOCH={AUTOMATIC,year}
/RIB={NATIVE,MSBFIRST,LSBFIRST,VAX}
/RRB={NATIVE,ISL,ISB,IDL,IDB,VF,VD,VG,ZS,ZL}
(interaction)
/MXERRS=max_errs
/MXWARNS=max_warnings
/WORKSPACE=workspace_size
(syntax execution)
/LOCALE=’locale’
/MXLOOPS=max_loops
/SEED={RANDOM,seed_value}
/UNDEFINED={WARN,NOWARN}
/FUZZBITS=fuzzbits
(data output)
/CC{A,B,C,D,E}={’npre,pre,suf,nsuf’,’npre.pre.suf.nsuf’}
/DECIMAL={DOT,COMMA}
/FORMAT=fmt_spec
/LEADZERO={ON,OFF}
/MDISPLAY={TEXT,TABLES}
/SMALL=number
/WIB={NATIVE,MSBFIRST,LSBFIRST,VAX}
/WRB={NATIVE,ISL,ISB,IDL,IDB,VF,VD,VG,ZS,ZL}
(output routing)
/ERRORS={ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE}
/MESSAGES={ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE}
/PRINTBACK={ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE}
/RESULTS={ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE}
(output driver options)
/HEADERS={NO,YES,BLANK}
/LENGTH={NONE,n_lines}
/WIDTH={NARROW,WIDTH,n_characters}
/TNUMBERS={VALUES,LABELS,BOTH}
/TVARS={NAMES,LABELS,BOTH}
/TLOOK={NONE,file}
(logging)
/JOURNAL={ON,OFF} [’file_name’]
(system files)
/SCOMPRESSION={ON,OFF}
(miscellaneous)
/SAFER=ON
/LOCALE=’string’
(macros)
/MEXPAND={ON,OFF}
/MPRINT={ON,OFF}
/MITERATE=number
/MNEST=number
(settings not yet implemented, but accepted and ignored)
/BASETEXTDIRECTION={AUTOMATIC,RIGHTTOLEFT,LEFTTORIGHT}
/BLOCK=’c’
/BOX={’xxx’,’xxxxxxxxxxx’}
/CACHE={ON,OFF}
/CELLSBREAK=number
/COMPRESSION={ON,OFF}
/CMPTRANS={ON,OFF}
/HEADER={NO,YES,BLANK}
SET allows the user to adjust several parameters relating to
PSPP’s execution. Since there are many subcommands to this command, its
subcommands are examined in groups.
For subcommands that take boolean values, ON and YES are synonymous,
as are OFF and NO, when used as subcommand values.
The data input subcommands affect the way that data is read from data files. The data input subcommands are
This is the value assigned to an item data item that is empty or contains only white space. An argument of SYSMIS or ’.’ causes the system-missing value to be assigned to null items. This is the default. Any real value may be assigned.
This value may be set to DOT or COMMA.
Setting it to DOT causes the decimal point character to be
‘.’ and the grouping character to be ‘,’.
Setting it to COMMA
causes the decimal point character to be ‘,’ and the grouping
character to be ‘.’.
If the setting is COMMA, then ‘,’ is not treated
as a field separator in the DATA LIST command (see DATA LIST).
The default value is determined from the system locale.
Allows the default numeric input/output format to be specified. The default is F8.2. See Input and Output Formats.
Specifies the range of years used when a 2-digit year is read from a
data file or used in a date construction expression (see Functions that Produce Dates). If a 4-digit year is specified for the epoch, then
2-digit years are interpreted starting from that year, known as the
epoch. If AUTOMATIC (the default) is specified, then the epoch begins
69 years before the current date.
PSPP extension to set the byte ordering (endianness) used for reading
data in IB or PIB format (see Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats). In MSBFIRST ordering, the most-significant byte appears at
the left end of a IB or PIB field. In LSBFIRST ordering, the
least-significant byte appears at the left end. VAX ordering is like
MSBFIRST, except that each pair of bytes is in reverse order. NATIVE,
the default, is equivalent to MSBFIRST or LSBFIRST depending on the
native format of the machine running PSPP.
PSPP extension to set the floating-point format used for reading data in RB format (see Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats). The possibilities are:
The native format of the machine running PSPP. Equivalent to either IDL or IDB.
32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating point, in little-endian byte order.
32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating point, in big-endian byte order.
64-bit IEEE 754 double-precision floating point, in little-endian byte order.
64-bit IEEE 754 double-precision floating point, in big-endian byte order.
32-bit VAX F format, in VAX-endian byte order.
64-bit VAX D format, in VAX-endian byte order.
64-bit VAX G format, in VAX-endian byte order.
32-bit IBM Z architecture short format hexadecimal floating point, in big-endian byte order.
64-bit IBM Z architecture long format hexadecimal floating point, in big-endian byte order.
Z architecture also supports IEEE 754 floating point. The ZS and ZL formats are only for use with very old input files.
The default is NATIVE.
Interaction subcommands affect the way that PSPP interacts with an online user. The interaction subcommands are
The maximum number of errors before PSPP halts processing of the current command file. The default is 50.
The maximum number of warnings + errors before PSPP halts processing the current command file. The special value of zero means that all warning situations should be ignored. No warnings are issued, except a single initial warning advising you that warnings will not be given. The default value is 100.
Syntax execution subcommands control the way that PSPP commands execute. The syntax execution subcommands are
Overrides the system locale for the purpose of reading and writing
syntax and data files. The argument should be a locale name in the
general form language_country.encoding, where language
and country are 2-character language and country abbreviations,
respectively, and encoding is an IANA character set name.
Example locales are en_US.UTF-8 (UTF-8 encoded English as
spoken in the United States) and ja_JP.EUC-JP (EUC-JP encoded
Japanese as spoken in Japan).
The maximum number of iterations for an uncontrolled loop
(see LOOP), and for any loop in the matrix language (see The LOOP and BREAK Commands). The default max_loops is 40.
The initial pseudo-random number seed. Set it to a real number or to RANDOM, to obtain an initial seed from the current time of day.
Currently not used.
The maximum number of bits of errors in the least-significant places to accept for rounding up a value that is almost halfway between two possibilities for rounding with the RND operator (see Miscellaneous Mathematical Functions). The default fuzzbits is 6.
The maximum amount of memory (in kilobytes) that PSPP uses to store data being processed. If memory in excess of the workspace size is required, then PSPP starts to use temporary files to store the data. Setting a higher value means that procedures run faster, but may cause other applications to run slower. On platforms without virtual memory management, setting a very large workspace may cause PSPP to abort.
Data output subcommands affect the format of output data. These subcommands are
Set up custom currency formats. See Custom Currency Formats, for details.
The default DOT setting causes the decimal point character to be
‘.’. A setting of COMMA causes the decimal point character to be
‘,’.
Allows the default numeric input/output format to be specified. The default is F8.2. See Input and Output Formats.
Controls whether numbers with magnitude less than one are displayed
with a zero before the decimal point. For example, with SET
LEADZERO=OFF, which is the default, one-half is shown as 0.5, and
with SET LEADZERO=ON, it is shown as .5. This setting affects
only the F, COMMA, and DOT formats.
Controls how the PRINT command within
MATRIX…END MATRIX outputs matrices. With the
default TEXT, PRINT outputs matrices as text. Change
this setting to TABLES to instead output matrices as pivot
tables. See The PRINT Command, for more information.
This controls how PSPP formats small numbers in pivot tables, in cases where PSPP does not otherwise have a well-defined format for the numbers. When such a number has a magnitude less than the value set here, PSPP formats the number in scientific notation; otherwise, it formats it in standard notation. The default is 0.0001. Set a value of 0 to disable scientific notation.
PSPP extension to set the byte ordering (endianness) used for writing
data in IB or PIB format (see Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats). In MSBFIRST ordering, the most-significant byte appears at
the left end of a IB or PIB field. In LSBFIRST ordering, the
least-significant byte appears at the left end. VAX ordering is like
MSBFIRST, except that each pair of bytes is in reverse order. NATIVE,
the default, is equivalent to MSBFIRST or LSBFIRST depending on the
native format of the machine running PSPP.
PSPP extension to set the floating-point format used for writing data in
RB format (see Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats). The choices
are the same as SET RIB. The default is NATIVE.
In the PSPP text-based interface, the output routing subcommands affect where output is sent. The following values are allowed for each of these subcommands:
Discard this kind of output.
Write this output to the terminal, but not to listing files and other output devices.
Write this output to listing files and other output devices, but not to the terminal.
Write this type of output to all output devices.
These output routing subcommands are:
Applies to error and warning messages. The default is BOTH.
Applies to notes. The default is BOTH.
Determines whether the syntax used for input is printed back as part
of the output. The default is NONE.
Applies to everything not in one of the above categories, such as the
results of statistical procedures. The default is BOTH.
These subcommands have no effect on output in the PSPP GUI environment.
Output driver option subcommands affect output drivers’ settings. These subcommands are
The TNUMBERS option sets the way in which values are displayed in output tables.
The valid settings are VALUES, LABELS and BOTH.
If TNUMBERS is set to VALUES, then all values are displayed with their literal value
(which for a numeric value is a number and for a string value an alphanumeric string).
If TNUMBERS is set to LABELS, then values are displayed using their assigned labels if any.
(See VALUE LABELS.)
If the value has no label, then the literal value is used for display.
If TNUMBERS is set to BOTH, then values are displayed with both their label
(if any) and their literal value in parentheses.
The TVARS option sets the way in which variables are displayed in output tables.
The valid settings are NAMES, LABELS and BOTH.
If TVARS is set to NAMES, then all variables are displayed using their names.
If TVARS is set to LABELS, then variables are displayed using their label if one
has been set. If no label has been set, then the name is used.
(See VARIABLE LABELS.)
If TVARS is set to BOTH, then variables are displayed with both their label
(if any) and their name in parentheses.
The TLOOK option sets the style used for subsequent table
output. Specifying NONE makes PSPP use the default
built-in style. Otherwise, specifying file makes PSPP search
for an .stt or .tlo file in the same way as specifying
--table-look=file the PSPP command line (see Main Options).
Logging subcommands affect logging of commands executed to external files. These subcommands are
These subcommands, which are synonyms, control the journal. The
default is ON, which causes commands entered interactively to be
written to the journal file. Commands included from syntax files that
are included interactively and error messages printed by PSPP are also
written to the journal file, prefixed by ‘>’. OFF disables use
of the journal.
The journal is named pspp.jnl by default. A different name may be specified.
System file subcommands affect the default format of system files produced by PSPP. These subcommands are
Whether system files created by SAVE or XSAVE are
compressed by default. The default is ON.
Security subcommands affect the operations that commands are allowed to perform. The security subcommands are
Setting this option disables the following operations:
ERASE command.
HOST command.
PERMISSIONS command.
Be aware that this setting does not guarantee safety (commands can still overwrite files, for instance) but it is an improvement. When set, this setting cannot be reset during the same session, for obvious security reasons.
This item is used to set the default character encoding. The encoding may be specified either as an encoding name or alias (see http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets), or as a locale name. If given as a locale name, only the character encoding of the locale is relevant.
System files written by PSPP use this encoding. System files read by PSPP, for which the encoding is unknown, are interpreted using this encoding.
The full list of valid encodings and locale names/alias are operating system dependent. The following are all examples of acceptable syntax on common GNU/Linux systems.
SET LOCALE='iso-8859-1'. SET LOCALE='ru_RU.cp1251'. SET LOCALE='japanese'.
Contrary to intuition, this command does not affect any aspect of the system’s locale.
The following subcommands affect the interpretation of macros.
Controls whether macros are expanded. The default is ON.
Controls whether the expansion of macros is included in output. This is separate from whether command syntax in general is included in output. The default is OFF.
Limits the number of iterations executed in !DO loops within
macros. This does not affect other language constructs such as
LOOP. This must be set to a positive integer. The default is
1000.
Limits the number of levels of nested macro expansions. This must be set to a positive integer. The default is 50.
The following subcommands are not yet implemented, but PSPP accepts them and ignores the settings.
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